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Table 3 Items and other indicators associated (p < 0.05) with future self-harm by gender

From: Assessing the predictability of self-harm in a high-risk adult prisoner population: a prospective cohort study

Variable (Odds Ratios refer to affirmation of variable)

p-value

OR

CI

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPV

NPV

Male Risk Factors

Prisoner has no qualifications (no qualifications = 1)

0.001

2.335

1.409–3.872

62.10%

58.80%

36.00%

80.60%

BSL1. In the last week it was hard for me to concentrate

0.017

> 100

not calculated

100%

6.50%

27.80%

100%

BSL S8. During the last week I had uncontrollable sexual encounters of which I was later ashamed or which made me angry

0.028

8.475

0.869–82.65

3.60%

99.60%

75%

73.90%

Ever Self-Harmed in prison

0

3.423

1.967–5.958

75.90%

52.10%

37.10%

85.30%

Index ACCT due to Self-Harm?

0

3.42

1.986–6.836

71.40%

59.60%

46.70%

80.80%

SHI2. Have you ever cut yourself on purpose?

0

3.075

1.604–5.894

84.10%

36.70%

32.20%

86.60%

PQuest2. In the past year have you been taking longer over the things you do?

0.024

2

1.086–3.685

80.70%

32.30%

29.90%

82.40%

Ever received medication for mental health problems

0.023

1.981

1.091–3.596

80.50%

32.50%

30.70%

81.70%

SHI19. Have you ever exercised an injury on purpose?

0.045

1.858

1.007–3.427

25.30%

84.60%

37.50%

75.60%

PQuest1. In the past year have you previously seen a psychiatrist?

0.018

1.821

1.105–3.001

54.70%

60.20%

33.80%

78.10%

Acquisitive Crime (Burglary, Robbery, Theft)

0.043

1.712

1.015–2.89

38.80%

73.00%

34.40%

76.60%

Male Protective Factors

Age left full time education (16+ = 1)

0.034

0.578

0.348–0.962

37.60%

48.90%

21.30%

68.10%

SHI6. Have you ever Abused alcohol?

0.028

0.559

0.332–0.941

57.80%

28.90%

22.90%

65.30%

Dependent on alcohol

0.013

0.497

0.284–0.867

24.10%

60.90%

18.80%

68.30%

CORE19. Over the last week I have felt warmth or affection for someone (with scoring reversed) 1 = Less than all the time

0.003

0.476

0.288–0.786

49.40%

32.80%

21.60%

63.30%

Female Risk Factors

Life or indefinite sentence

0

8.4

2.479–28.46

32.40%

94.60%

75%

73.70%

SHI2. Have you ever cut yourself on purpose?

0.01

4.795

1.331–17.269

91.90%

29.70%

39.60%

88%

PHQ-9-7. Over the last 2 weeks - Trouble concentrating on things, such as reading the newspaper or watching television

0.04

4.449

0.96–20.619

94.60%

20.30%

37.20%

88.20%

PQuest8. In the past year have you recently heard voices saying a few words or sentences when there was no one around to account for this?

0.001

4.19

1.768–9.928

73%

60.80%

48.20%

81.80%

CORE 25. Over the last week I have felt criticised by other people

0.003

3.544

1.501–8.366

73%

56.80%

45.80%

80.80%

SHI3. Have you ever Burned yourself on purpose?

0.011

3.145

1.269–7.793

37.80%

83.80%

53.80%

72.90%

Ever Self-Harmed in prison

0.05

3.056

0.96–9.723

89.20%

27%

37.90%

83.30%

Index ACCT due to Self-Harm?

0.017

2.9

1.189–7.084

63.30%

62.70%

43.20%

79.20%

SHI8. Have you ever Scratched yourself on purpose?

0.015

2.708

1.203–6.096

59.50%

64.90%

45.80%

76.20%

SHI10.Have you ever made medical situations worse on purpose (e.g. skipped medication)?

0.017

2.664

1.174–6.044

51.40%

71.60%

47.50%

74.60%

BSL S4. During the last week I had episodes of binge eating

0.031

2.609

1.079–6.309

37.80%

81.10%

50%

72.30%

SHI21. Have you ever starved yourself to hurt yourself?

0.022

2.588

1.132–5.918

67.60%

55.40%

43.10%

77.40%

SHI9. Have you ever prevented wounds from healing?

0.032

2.41

1.071–5.419

62.20%

59.50%

43.40%

75.90%

BSL 15. Over the last week I suffered from voices and noises from inside or outside my head

0.032

2.41

1.071–5.419

62.20%

59.50%

43.40%

75.90%

Female Protective Factor

First time on an ACCT?

0

0.224

0.096–0.523

36.10%

28.40%

19.70%

47.70%