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Table 2 Prevalence of low individual components of SWEMWBS by demographics and ACE count

From: Adverse childhood experiences: a retrospective study to understand their associations with lifetime mental health diagnosis, self-harm or suicide attempt, and current low mental wellbeing in a male Welsh prison population

  

% in the last 2 weeks that have never or rarely been

Feeling optimistic

Feeling useful

Feeling relaxed

Dealing with problems well

Thinking clearly

Feeling close to others

Able to make up my own mind

n

 

467

466

467

467

467

467

467

All

%

17.3

27.3

25.7

16.7

14.3

33.6

7.1

ACE count

0

14.9

17.6

9.5

6.8

4.1

14.9

4.1

1

14.5

26.5

21.7

12.0

8.4

26.5

4.8

2–3

16.3

27.6

16.3

14.3

12.2

28.6

9.2

≥4

19.8

30.8

37.3

23.1

21.2

45.3

8.0

X2

1.770

4.872

30.281

13.227

17.259

27.587

2.623

 

0.621

0.181

< 0.001

0.004

0.001

< 0.001

0.454

Age group (years)

18–20

11.6

37.2

18.6

14.0

16.3

27.9

7.0

21–24

16.0

29.3

25.3

17.3

13.3

29.3

6.7

25–29

19.6

23.9

29.3

18.5

18.5

31.5

7.6

30–39

16.0

27.5

24.4

14.5

14.5

38.2

6.9

≥40

19.8

24.8

27.0

18.3

11.1

34.9

7.1

X2

2.097

3.214

2.000

1.137

2.547

2.738

0.690

P

0.718

0.523

0.736

0.888

0.636

0.603

0.999

Ethnicity

White

19.5

28.2

26.6

17.8

15.5

33.5

8.1

Other

5.5

21.9

20.5

11.0

8.2

34.2

1.4

X2

8.497

1.243

1.201

2.052

2.644

0.015

4.276

P

0.004

0.265

0.273

0.152

0.104

0.902

0.039

Qualifications

No qualifications

20.7

31.0

29.0

21.4

19.3

33.8

10.3

Secondary school

18.7

25.9

25.1

15.8

12.3

31.6

5.8

College/6th form

12.9

27.6

24.1

14.7

15.5

36.2

5.2

Higher education

11.4

17.1

20.0

8.6

0.0

34.3

5.7

X2

3.786

3.018

1.581

4.395

9.493

0.676

3.491

P

0.286

0.389

0.664

0.222

0.023

0.879

0.322

  1. ACE Adverse childhood experience, SWEMWBS Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale