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Table 2 Facility-wide Monthly Rates of Disciplinary Events Involving Physical Violence (Per 100 incarcerated persons ) NDSP, JRCC, & Combined Pre-reform (January 2010–December 2015) vs. Post-Reform (January 2016–December 2019)

From: “We just needed to open the door”: a case study of the quest to end solitary confinement in North Dakota

 

NDSP

JRCC

Combined

Indicator

Monthly Mean

p-value

Monthly Mean

p-value

Monthly Mean

p-value

All Violent Infractions

 Pre-reforms

2.85

 

2.17

 

3.50

 

 Post-reforms

3.49

0.46

1.98

0.00*

3.44

0.66

Violence Against Staff

 Pre-reforms

0.24

 

0.16

 

0.23

 

 Post-reforms

0.32

0.49

0.10

0.24

0.26

0.23

Fights among Residents

 Pre-reforms

1.29

 

2.91

 

1.89

 

 Post-reforms

1.98

0.04*

2.44

0.32

2.15

0.93

Assaults between Residents

 Pre-reforms

0.70

 

0.75

 

0.71

 

 Post-reforms

1.16

0.31

0.62

0.39

0.96

0.51