Table 4 Care plans

• Care plans were largely described as focused on ways to support behavioural, cognitive and social difficulties, and goal setting (Brown, 2016; Hamada, 2015; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017; Prisons and Probation Ombudsman, 2016; Baldwin & Leete, 2012). However, detailing staff and peer supporter roles (Her Majesty's Prison & Probation Service, 2018) and the impact of prison (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017), whilst balancing safety with a right to quality of life (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017; Murray, 2004), and family (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017) were also recommended. Early education about advance directives and developing these was suggested (Brown, 2016; Cipriani et al. 2017; Prisons and Probation Ombudsman, 2016; Brown, 2014; Maschi et al., 2012) and an emphasis on choice (Department of Health, 2007; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2017; Welsh Government and Ministry of Justice, 2011). Formulating culturally appropriate plans was also highlighted as key in one paper (Hamada, 2015). Regular reviews of the plans were also recommended (Brown, 2016; Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons, 2014; Welsh Government and Ministry of Justice, 2011; Baldwin & Leete, 2012), possibly quarterly for those with high needs, or yearly for those with low needs (Brown, 2016). Care co-ordination and reviews of progress will be overseen by a dementia nurse (Forsyth, Heathcote and Senior et al. 2020). Justice health staff would track the progression of dementia-related symptoms, communicate with external health services, and refer prisoners with dementia-related cognitive impairments for discharge planning (du Toit & Ng 2022). Problematically, older prisoners’ well-being needs including the need for purpose, comfort, companionship, and quality of life are often overlooked by current prisoner dementia care efforts (du Toit & Ng 2022)